README

An experimental PSR-7, PSR-17 router

features

• very fast (less than 2ms on simple routing)
• uses PSR-7 and PSR-17 standards
• no dependencies besides PSR-7/17

While I consider it still experimental, I have been using it in production to host legend.octopuslabs.io without any issues so far.

introduction for beginners

The purpose of a router is to match a user (client) http request to a specific function that will handle the user request and deliver a response to the client.

PSR-7 defines the request and response interfaces, while PSR-17 defines the factories for creating them. In other words, factories are used to create the request and response objects.

Here's some pseudo-code that explains the concept:

$router = new Router();

// add route
$router->addRoute(new Route(RouteType::Exact, 'GET', '/test.php', function (ServerRequestInterface $request) : ResponseInterface {
    return new Response(200, ['Content-Type' => 'text/plain'], 'You\'ve reached the test page');
}));

// create user http request
$request = ServerRequestCreator::createFromGlobals($_SERVER, $_FILES, $_COOKIE, $_GET, $_POST);

// resolve finds the function that handles the user request, calls it and returns its response
$response = $router->resolve($request);

// send response to client (echoes internally)
(new SapiEmitter())
    ->emit($response);

demo

To play with the demo, clone the repo, run php -S localhost:80 demo/public/index.php -t demo/public/ and open your browser at http://localhost. Alternatively you can run the demo within a Docker container docker-compose up &.

install

• composer require 8ctopus/nano-router

• if you don't have any preference for the PSR-7 implementation, install HttpSoft composer require httpsoft/http-message httpsoft/http-emitter

• redirect all traffic (except existing files) to the router in .htaccess for those using Apache

RewriteEngine on

# redirect all not existing files and directories to router
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule ^ index.php [END]

and for nginx (untested)

location / {
    try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args;
}

• create index.php

use Oct8pus\NanoRouter\NanoRouter;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Psr\Http\Message\ServerRequestInterface;

// use any PSR-7, PSR-17 implementations, here HttpSoft
use HttpSoft\Emitter\SapiEmitter;
use HttpSoft\Message\Response;
use HttpSoft\Message\ServerRequestFactory;
use HttpSoft\Message\Stream;
use HttpSoft\ServerRequest\ServerRequestCreator;

require_once __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php';

$router = new NanoRouter(Response::class, ServerRequestFactory::class);

$router
    // add simple route
    ->addRoute(new Route(RouteType::Exact, 'GET', '/test.php', function (ServerRequestInterface $request) : ResponseInterface {
        $stream = new Stream();
        $stream->write('test.php');

        return new Response(200, [], $stream);
    }))
    // add starts with route
    ->addRoute(new Route(RouteType::StartsWith, ['GET', 'POST'], '/test/', function (ServerRequestInterface $request) : ResponseInterface {
        $stream = new Stream();
        $stream->write('request target - '. $request->getRequestTarget());

        return new Response(200, [], $stream);
    }))
    // add regex route
    ->addRoute(new Route(RouteType::Regex, '*', '~/php(.*)/~', function (ServerRequestInterface $request) : ResponseInterface {
        $stream = new Stream();
        $stream->write('request target - '. $request->getRequestTarget());

        return new Response(200, [], $stream);
    }))
    ->addErrorHandler(404, function (ServerRequestInterface $request) : ResponseInterface {
        $stream = new Stream();
        $stream->write('page not found - ' . $request->getRequestTarget());

        return new Response(404, [], $stream);
    })
    ->addMiddleware('*', '~(.*)~', MiddlewareType::Post, function (ResponseInterface $response, ServerRequestInterface $request) : ResponseInterface {
        return $response->withHeader('X-Powered-By', '8ctopus');
    });

// create request from globals
$request = ServerRequestCreator::createFromGlobals($_SERVER, $_FILES, $_COOKIE, $_GET, $_POST);

// resolve request into a response
$response = $router->resolve($request);

// send response to client
(new SapiEmitter())
    ->emit($response);

exception handling

By default, Throwable, and everything inherited from it such as Exception, are caught by the router provided the exception occurs within the route code. That functionality can be disabled in the constructor by setting it to false.

new NanoRouter(Response::class, ServerRequestFactory::class, false, false);

The RouteException class offers an elegant way to deal with http errors such as 404, 401, 429, .... The router will automatically catch the exception and return the appropriate response to the client.

throw new RouteException('page not found', 404);

// client sees 404 page

advanced functionalities

There is more to it, it's just not in the readme yet, most of it can be experimented within the demo, such as:

• pre and post middleware

run tests

composer test

clean code

composer fix(-risky)

todo ideas

• add basePath
• class wrapper for subroutes
• should pre middleware only work on valid requests? now not valid routes are still going through the middleware probably we need both
• add starts with middleware
• check psr-15 middleware
• how to easily route inside class?